1. Immunological causes |
Chronic active rejection (cellular, humoral or both) |
Chronic rejection (cellular, humoral or both) |
2. Non-immunological causes |
Chronic CNI toxicity |
Infection (BKV nephropathy, chronic pyeonephritis) |
Chronic obstruction/ hydronephrosis |
Recurrent or de novo glomerular diseases |
Recurrent or de novo diabetic nephropathy |
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis |
Renal artery stenosis |