1. Immunological causes

Chronic active rejection (cellular, humoral or both)

Chronic rejection (cellular, humoral or both)

2. Non-immunological causes

Chronic CNI toxicity

Infection (BKV nephropathy, chronic pyeonephritis)

Chronic obstruction/ hydronephrosis

Recurrent or de novo glomerular diseases

Recurrent or de novo diabetic nephropathy

Hypertensive nephrosclerosis

Renal artery stenosis